Gender Discrimination New Girl Essay - 1989 Words

As long as I can remember, gender discrimination has been a problem. Now, it may have progressed through time, but in reality it still exists. There are many different types of stereotypes in the world. People just assume, because of their gender now days, how someone acts or how they think. These two topics are everywhere you look such as: television shows, billboards, books, movies, or even at work and school. In the television show New Girl, it displays stereotypes and gender discrimination with society’s general idea of men and women. It may be a funny, entertaining show to watch, but it does have its flaws. The show, New Girl, takes place in Los Angeles, California. Season one starts as three guys, Nick, Schmidt, and Coach, that are living in an apartment together as roommates. Meanwhile, a girl named Jess is living with her boyfriend and walks in on him cheating on her. She decided to move out and find another place to live. The three roommates set up on Craigslist that they have a room open for someone to live in. Jess, in need of a home, replied to the roommates and said she would love to come and try it out. The guys give her an â€Å"interview† as they call it and decided to keep her because they need help paying for the apartment. Throughout the five seasons, many situations and climaxes happen. Their former roommate, Winston, comes back to live with them. Coach leaves to live with his girlfriend. Schmidt tries to hook up with Jess, but she would never and makes thatShow MoreRelatedSummary Of Looking For Alibrandi By Goria Steinem1077 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"A gender-equal society would be one where the word â€Å"gender† does not exist: where everyone can be themselves. â€Å"said by Goria Steinem. I disagree with Steinem’s statement in relation to gender equality in contemporary Australia. In this essay, three arguments would be addressed, which directly referred to Melina Marchetta’s 1992 novel, Looking for Alibrandi that enacted a story of a teenage girl who had to face difficulties in the society and fight with the original Australians as she was an illegitimateRead MoreDiscrimination on Basis of Appearance Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesBy definition, discrimination describes the treatment against or towards a person of a specific group according to his classification, order or rank. Discrimination may be between individuals or groups of a different race, tribe, ethnic group or background. Gender, employment and reverse discrimination are a few examples. All forms of bigotry imply rejection or exclusion. Various religious groups permit unfair treatment based on certain principals and allow for intolerance against single mothersRead MoreTraditional Society : Gender Discrimination954 Words   |  4 Pagesup in a traditional society where gender discrimination was common experience in day to day life. Men torture women for dowry. By growing up in these situations, I felt that it was common in the society because women didn’t revolt against men that placed women inferior. Reminisce of traditions such as dowry system and child marriages still exists in some parts of India. In our country, gender discrimination is very high. In some areas Parents do not encourage girls for education they send their childrenRead MoreGender And Gender Inequality1084 Words   |  5 Pagesnot changeable. Gender is seen closely related to the roles and behavior assigned to women and men based on their sexual differences. As soon as a child is born families and society begin the process of gendering. The birth of the son is celebrated, the birth of a daughter filled with pain; sons are showered with love, respect, better food and proper health care. Boys are encouraged to be tough and outgoing; girls are encouraged to be homebound and shy. All these differences are gender differences andRead MorePatriarchy And Gender Discrimination : Women Are Socially Controlled By Male Patriarchy1019 Words   |  5 Pages There has always been a gender discrimination culturally, and historically. As a result, patriarchy has always been a major issue in history. Yet, forms of gender superiority still exist today. As seen in history, men have always been the superior gender. While females have been associated to being inferior to men. In the Feminist Theory Reader, we see the theme of male patriarchy in â€Å"Bargaining with Patriarchy†. Where Deniz Kandiyoti argues that patriarchy has always been a major issueRead MoreEssay on Where Are Womens Rights?1616 Words   |  7 Pagesor her gender? Who does not know about gender discrimination? Gender Discrimination, which is also called sex discrimination, was gone in the twentieth century right! This is not true. Gender discrimination still exists today around the world in many countries including the United States. Women are being discriminated directly or indirectly. Many women also face the violence related to discrimination. They are being tortured at every minute. Even though Some Countries have ruled gender discriminationRead MoreGender Sensitization : Need Of The Hour Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pages GENDER SENSITIZATION: NEED OF THE HOUR J. Malavi - Research Scholar, Osmania University, Hyderabad. Email:malavi09@gmail.com Read MoreDiscrimination of Girls1678 Words   |  7 PagesDiscrimination against female children has been a topic of debate. It has been a subject of concern and sociological significance. This subject raises the cultural aspects about the role of a female child in society, what her human rights are as a human being and a number of sensitive issues.This issue is important because there is nearly universal consensus on the need for gender equality.[1] Gender based discrimination against female children is pervasive across the world. It is seen in all theRead MoreGender Bias in Everyday Life Essay981 Words   |  4 Pages In the modern United States, biases are found in almost every social institution. These discriminatory practices hurt everyone involved. One of the more evident of these is discrimination based on someone’s gender. Gender bias, also known as sexism, refers to a full range of attitudes, preferences, laws, taboos and behaviors that differentiate and discriminates against the members of either sex. These may be the position of male dominance and female subjugation in modern society. It may also beRead MoreGender Discrimination And Its Impact On Society1231 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant to think about the causes of such outcomes, for example the use of discrimination. This divides people simply based on their race, sex, age and even gender, often making it hard to grab certain opportunities. Discrimination, in one way or another, then becomes the stem of inequalities in certain areas - such as the workplace. Specifically for the female population in several countries. Gender discrimination has been documented in many cases around the world, notable situations such women

Boeing Operations Management - 6718 Words

BPTrends November 2005 How Boeing AT Manages Business Processes How Boeing AT Manages Business Processes Pamela Garretson and Paul Harmon Business Process Management is a hot topic in business circles today. Most companies report that they are investing in business process management. Some are focused on modeling their operations, while others focus on measuring process performance. Some are committed to Six Sigma improvement efforts, while others describe how Information Technology (IT) is being used to automate a key business process. Only a few companies, however, report that they actually use process measures in the day-to-day management of their organization. Everyone agrees that, ultimately, business process management†¦show more content†¦The PBM approach starts by defining the organization as a series of processes and by assigning process management oversight responsibilities to senior executive process owners who, in turn, drive PBM downward by assigning process responsibilities to subordinate process owners. Thus, a wide cross-section of the management structure within the C-17 Program, and now withi n Boeing AT, has process management responsibilities. In the mid-90’s, senior executives not only supported the organization’s transition to PBM but assumed leading roles, serving as training role models and participating in joint reviews of processes with the Government customer. Today, ongoing, active commitment of senior executives continues as part of day-to-day process management. Starting With a Vision and a Plan Integral to the C-17 Program’s successful deployment of not only the PBM approach but the overall implementation of the Malcolm Baldrige criteria was the implementation of a vision that focused on improving performance and quality as well as on customer satisfaction. As the PBM approach was developed and deployed, the Air Force customer participated jointly in the identification and management of key processes. The C-17 Program’s process focus began when there was considerable interest in process reengineering but less emphasis on process management. Although there were some trials and errors along the way, the C-17 Program eventually created the PBM methodology to guide its ongoingShow MoreRelatedWhat Factors Must a Firm Consider While Addressing the Make or Buy Decision?3664 Words   |  15 Pages3 (A) What factors must a firm consider while addressing the make or buy decision? 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Joseph Thomas ILR Human Resource Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 IEMS Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 Johnson School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 Johnson School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 jwb6@cornell.edu †¢ hopp@northwestern.edu †¢ jom1@cornell.eduRead MoreBackground And Introduction Of Boeing Company1274 Words   |  6 PagesBackground and Introduction The Boeing Company is a prominent aerospace company, known for their leading manufacturing of commercial jetliners and defense along with space and security systems. Boeing offers a variety of products and is in 150 different countries. Boeing is also very well known for its investments in RD. The Boeing Corporation operates in two different parameters; its commercial airplanes and the other being defense, space security. 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Specifically, the production planning controls the designing and management of the entire airplane manufacturing processes input material scheduling and acquisition, manufacturing, design, and material handling. The inventory control is on the design and management of storage procedures for the raw materials inputs in the air plane manufacturing processes, work-in-progress inventories, and final products. The DistributionRead MoreManagement Planning Paper for Boeing Company1073 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Planning Paper Arika Ancar June 13, 2011 MGT/330 Management Planning The planning function of management leads to a future course of action. This first function of management is vital to the success of the organization. It is an ever-changing part in the life of the organization. It should answer the questions of where, when, how and who. The goals and objectives of a business are developed in the planning process. 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Factory girl free essay sample

The author, Leslie Chang, contends that â€Å"the history of a family begins when a person leaves home†. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Tell why, and then give examples from your own life or from published material outside this book to defend your opinion. I agree with the statement â€Å"the history of a family begins when a person leaves home† . when Chang left rural tradition behind to make a new life for themselves in the city. The old rules no longer apply, traditional education and family values have little or relevance, and new arrivals in the city have to learn fast and adapt quickly in order to survive and prosper in this strange and often hostile new environment. I saw so many changes for people migration to city . when many migrations return to their home villages, they feel bored, listless and alienated . so they bring technology and new ideas to their family and influence them. China is now experiencing the greatest migration in human history, there are so many stories to be told. 2. Chang informs the reader that migrant factory workers â€Å"use a simple term for the move that defines their lives: chuqu, to go out. There was nothing to do at home, so I went out. This is how a migrant story begins†. The story’s two protagonists, Lu Qingmin (Min) and Wu Chunming, both left home to work in the city. What was life like for the girls in their home villages? How old were they when they initially left home, and why did each choose to go out into the world? Min live in the village, around ninety households lived with same family name, they planted rice ,rape and contton on small plots of land. As a girl in traditional chinese family that she was not important . so she had to bear many burdens. 2003 min left the villige to city. Because they had to or chose to escape their farm lives and to work in a factory. 3: Each girl faced significant challenges upon her arrival in the city, and also faced difficulties in her respective factory. What do you think were the most difficult aspects of their new lives in the city, and which of these aspects would be most difficult for you? some of the young women had no idea what factory work was like before arriving there, imagining it as some sort of chatty, casual environment. What they discover is, of course, far different, First and foremost is money, both for their own use and equally to send back to their families. The most difficult for me is the cold heart and careless each other in the city. 4: Describe the benefits of leaving home to become a factory girl. Even though their lives seem unstable and full of never-ending challenges, both Min and Chunming mature and develop in exceptional ways from their experiences. How does each girl change—physically, emotionally, intellectually, socially, and financially, as a result of leaving home? What are the clear advantages of taking control of their own lives in a new city? They trying to find their way in the factory world, to rise up and make something better of their lives. They leave their families for unknown cities far away at age sixteen or younger ( an event made easier because girls are less precious to families than boys) where they then work long hours and live in cramped quarters all the while striving for the edge that will get them off the factory floor and make them upwardly mobile. many migrants also feel freed from a suffocating web of traditional habits and mores. Able to explore and grow in the lawless free-for-all of Chinas boomtowns, many cross an invisible line into the modern world, and there is no going back. 5: Much of this book is about fitting into a foreign culture. Just as the factory girls leave home and are required to adjust to life in a new environment, all expatriate employees share a common history that includes migration. Like the factory girls, employees on global assignments leave their homes and extended families to live in unfamiliar places and cultures. While employees on global assignments may not face the same economic challenges as the factory girls, what kinds of challenges do global employees face when they take on new assignments? How can global HR professionals prepare global employees for the challenges they will face, and what might global HR professionals do to help deal with cultural challenges faced by people working in new cultures? Discuss specifically what might be done to help counteract separation anxiety, loneliness, homesickness, and other issues that make people feel like strangers in a strange land. From the book ‘psychological aspects of geographical moves† it explain that â€Å"it will be important to establish a consensus on the construct in order to pave the way for the development of assessment tools with adequate psychometric characteristics. homesickness reflects problems with separation from the home environment. It interferes with adjustment to the new situation. By contrast, distress caused by adjustment problems in new environments should not be labeled homesickness. In order to avoid unnecessary ambiguity and confusion (recall the serious problems with the stress concept!), I would like to conclude by calling for attention to problems of definition. I look forward to fruitful discussion and the development of new and promising research plans†. 6: What are the clear advantages of global professional experience and living for awhile as an expatriate citizen? What experiences do people who have had these opportunities take with them into the rest of t heir lives? Specifically, how might the person’s individual or family history be altered by the decision to leave home and go out into an alien but fascinating world? professionals have experienced overseas assignments know the downside as  well. Advantages include, permitting closer control and coordination of international subsidiaries and providing a broader global perspective. Disadvantages include high transfer costs, the possibility of encountering local government restrictions, and possibly creating a problem of adaptability to foreign environments. There are many reasons . one of the reasons probably is Your ancestors lousy childhoods or excellent adventures might change your personality, bequeathing anxiety or resilience by altering the epigenetic expressions of genes in the brain. People immigrate to other countries for a number of reasons. They include: greener pastures in terms of better paying Jobs, Asylum from political and religious persecutions from their countries, family reunions and many more. 7: Even among the factory girls, compassion, kindness, and understanding seem to make a difference in how one comes to view life. Choose one of the girls in the book (it could be any character identified by name) and recount how her life was made easier by others showing her compassion, kindness, or understanding, or how the lack of compassion, kindness, or understanding made life harder for her. Then, tell about a time in your life when a challenge was lessened by someone showing you compassion, kindness, or understanding. How will this experience of being treated with compassion inform the way you approach your career in global HR? In the book, Lu Qingmin had two true friends when she went to class her friend washed her clothes. When they had friends they live could have fun. Foe example, tipping can be a great way to show people you are grateful for their service. We’ve all committed failures of kindness when we are hurt, angry, or tired. But each of us holds within us the power to achieve triumphs of kindness every day. In the different countries, HR manager’s compassion could lead them easy to adapt the new environment and lead them success. 8. Min and Chunming have fairly common profiles among the factory girls: both come from poor farming families and left home as teenagers to work in the factories without first having attended high school or college. How does going out to the city change the relationships Min and Chunming have with their families back in their respective villages? How does it change thegirls themselves, their ambitions, and their life expectations? Even they both come from same background, they thought the life different ways and different expectation, these different life attitude led them to have the different way for live. Min had a optimistic life attitude , she had more ambitions and she deserved to learn knowledge , so let her have different life for live 9: Imagine that every factor y girl changes in the same ways that Min and Chunming have changed, in terms of family relationships, self-view, ambitions, and life expectations. What would be the impact on China’s culture, traditions, and economy if every factory girl’s worldview changed to mirror Min’s and Chunming’s? In china many younger have open mind to the world, they are fascinated to learn about how their society is viewed by an outsider. China have changed a lot already, many younger have strong ambitions and work hard. However, it is not enough, the key is not only have passion also the important is get knowledge. The author Chang is offering a very different view to migrant workers in china. Almost 20-30 years migrant have already changed china’s tradition culture and economy. Chang includes her own family story in the book, juxtaposed with Min’s and Chunming’s. What are the similarities and differences between the Chang family’s story of migration to the US and Min’s and Chunming’s stories of migration from the village to the city? Chuqu is the words represent Chinese people look for better life and freedom even from different generation. In the â€Å"factory girls† teen women’s migration from country to factory represents the ambition of the young Chinese people wishing to access greater opportunities that exist in certain parts of the country. But in Chnag’s family they are more search for freedom life. It had subtle meaning about the hash life in the communist part. 11: Contemplate the role honesty plays in the role of the factory girls’ lives. Chang tells stories of factory girls using forged or stolen identification documents, misrepresenting their qualifications, and indulging in other behaviors that would be considered highly inappropriate for workers in the US and some other cultures. How does the knowledge that such practices seem to be condoned affect how you might develop and manage the HR function of your global employer’s global operation? As a global HR professional, what policies and procedures might you implement in China to make it more difficult for prospective employees to misrepresent themselves, or would you adopt a laissez faire approach to recruiting and selection in China? In China this is seem normal for the under age people eho have hard life in their hometown, they need to work to get better life or support their younger sister or brother to get education. For the model life especial in the western country people think this is not inappropriate, but for some family this is necessary for life. As a HR manager work in this situation, even they understand the culture, they still need have the rule to control this misrepresenting, because in the host country, they need carefully obey the law and regulation. They couldn’t act like local businessman. They can make many different ways to prevent this happen. 12: Many of the consumer goods produced by the factory girls are sold in the US, as well as in other industrialized countries. We may be carrying, wearing, or using goods made by the factory girls Chang writes about. Consider the life circumstances of these girls in terms of housing, working conditions, and pay. How does this affect your attitude towards consumerism, affluence, and your own spending practices? People live in the western country, they use and wear many goods from the country like â€Å"factory girls† the life circumstances of these girls in terms of housing, working conditions, and pay. Consumerism still pay hihe price for goods even the cost is cheap because for the globle competition, company require the low cost, the the world, there are so many poor countries, for survive they sacrifice the environment and human resource for get profit or survive for the competition. Cosumer is hard to know and choice where and how the goods product. Every people work hard for life and try look for cheap goods for family. The world is not equal, people aware are good but to change the world is hard. 13: . At one point, one of the factory girls gives Chang a designer handbag made in the factory where the factory girl works. When Chang suggests that it might be a nice gift for the mother of the factory girl’s boyfriend, the girl informs Chang, â€Å"She lives on a farm. What would she do with a purse†? What do you think this statement says about the opinion this particular factory girl may have of rural village life and the family the girl has left behind? This is true! People live different place they have different need. In china, people live in the rural village , they have their own style and taste, if Chang give this designer handbag to her boyfriend mother, probably the mother of her boyfriend never use, it is better give a useful things and they will proud that instead the handbag that the villiage people don’t know the brand. This is only the people really understand their own culture, they can give a gift by different ways.

Managing Change for Competitive Success

This paper explores two concepts that have been studied in due course; personality and change. The paper begins by defining the concepts and then goes ahead to provide a summary of them. In addition, the paper will give data outlining a problem related to one of the concepts. Moreover, the paper will give a summary of findings and offer recommendations for change where applicable.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Change for Competitive Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Personality Personality refers to consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originating within an individual† (Burger 2010, p. 4). Notice that there are two aspects to it. Part one is concerned with consistent patterns of behavior. These represent the individual differences. An important feature of personality is consistency. People can observe these consistent patterns of behavior across time and situations. The second part is concerned with the intrapersonal processes. In contrast to interpersonal processes, which take place between people, intrapersonal processes take place within individuals. They include emotional, motivational and cognitive processes, and they determine how people react or feel. The manner in which people use these processes and how they interact with individual differences determines the overall character of an individual. These consistent behavior patterns and intrapersonal processes originate within an individual. However, this does not mean that external factors do not affect an individual’s personality. According to Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) model, which rests on the personality theory of Carl Jung, personality assumes the following (Howard, P Howard, J 2002): Personality hangs on four dimensional framework; scores of each dimension fall along a binomial distribution and the judger dimension is a key determinant of a person’s preferences. On the other hand, the five factor model (FFM) or the big five model is based on experience and not theory. â€Å"FFM relies on the following: personality has five dimensions, scores of dimension fall along a normal distribution, personality is best described by individual traits rather than types, and the strength of the scores indicates preferences† (The Big Five 2012). FFM has been widely accepted in the academic and psychology communities. It has been employed in team building and employee selection. Job analysis, customer service, management and leadership development, coaching and counseling; career development, conflict management and training design have all benefitted from FFM. Pro FFM model experts identified five correlated groups of behaviors, each of which exists along a continuum.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are negative emotionality, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion. Negative emotionality determines an individual’s capability to withstand stress. Those who have negative emotionality experience many negative emotions and report less satisfaction with life. They are reactive and lack resilience. Since they are susceptible to emotions and show discontent with life, individuals with negative emotionality end up as social scientists, academicians, or customer service professionals (Howard, P Howard, J 2002). On the other end, those individuals without low, negative emotionality tend to be resilient and experience life on a more rational level than others. In addition, responsive individuals fall in the middle range of negative emotionality continuum. Responsive individuals demonstrate a mix of resilient and reactive qualities. The extraversion factor describes one’s comfort level with relationships. Extraverts spend much of their time maintaining and enjoying many relationships. Extrav erts tend to lead, talk and exert themselves physically more often than other people. Such people are usually friendly and outgoing. However, introverts have few relationships and spend a little time with them. Most extroverts find themselves in arts, politics sales and social sciences. On the contrary, introverts take up managerial roles or end up as physical and natural scientists (Howard, P Howard, J 2002). Between the extremes are ambiverts who move comfortably between social and solitary situations. Openness addresses one’s range of interests. Extremely open people (explorers) are fascinated by novelty and innovation. Explorers describe themselves as more introspective and reflective than most people describe themselves. The individuals with explorer profile usually take roles in entrepreneurial, architectural, theoretical, physical and social fields (Howard, P Howard, J 2002). Those who are less open have narrower interests, appear more conventional, and find comfort in the familiar. Such individuals are seen to be conservative. They assume roles in management and applied science. Between explorers and preservers are moderators. Moderators find too much novelty tiresome and too much of the status quo boring. On the other hand, agreeableness refers to a persons’ propensity to differ with others. An adapter refers to a person who is easily agreeable. Individuals with adaptor profiles are usually found in professions like teaching, social work and psychology (Howard, P Howard, J 2002). At the extreme end, adaptors (tender minded) can become dependent personalities who lose their sense of self. Such people value harmony more than they prize having their say or their way.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Change for Competitive Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Other hand, challengers focus more on their needs or norms and not on those of others. Challengers usually take roles in advertising and business management fields or the military (Howard, P Howard, J 2002). Challengers (tough minded) can become antisocial, authoritarian, narcissistic or paranoid personalities who have lost their sense of feeling for others. Moreover, conscientiousness refers to a number of goals that one focuses. A highly conscientiousness person is focused and purses fewer goals in a purposeful way. A highly focused person may end up being a workaholic. Such people serve as leaders and executives. A person with low conscientiousness pursues many goals in a spontaneous, scattered way. Flexibles tend to be less focused on goals and are more hedonistic. Such individuals lack control over their impulses. They do not necessarily work less than focused people, but they direct less of their work to specific goals (Howard, P Howard, J 2002).â€Å"The big five vocabulary enables people to communicate constructively about their personality differences† (Howard, P Howard, J 2002, p. 34). The model offers a comprehensive source metaphor that celebrates the fullness of human personality. Managers are expected to have a strong personality in order to cope up with work related stress and other responsibilities. The position of a manager in the present day comes with huge responsibilities and stress. Nowadays, managers are expected to produce results in spite of the challenges at hand. Managers are supposed to devise solutions to challenges that keep on arising at the place of work. Such challenges may include limited budget, reassignment of staff, reorganization of units, withdrawal of finance, government policies, employees’ demands and unavailability of resources. Change â€Å"Change management means to plan, to initiate, to realize to reflect and to stabilize fundamental and far reaching processes† (Recklies 2012, p.1). Change management aims at short term and long term basis of effective changes of behavior patterns and abil ities, in order to optimize processes and communication structures. Thus, an integrative approach to the reorganizations is necessary. Change management is the strategy of planned and systematic change, which is achieved by the influence of the organizational structure, corporate culture and individual behavior; and requires the participation of employees.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"In the broader sense, change management is a theoretical concept, which is given to the organization from the outside† (change management 2012, p. 1). Therefore, â€Å"the objectives of change are developed from external advisors (change agents) whereas; the employees are involved on a limited scale with decision making and the conversion of the concept† (change management 2012, p. 1). Balogun and Hailey (2002) argue that change is becoming a way of life for most organizations and managers. Studies done in 1980s, and 1990s indicate that many organizations have been undertaking many types of change including culture change, total quality management, business process re-engineering, and downsizing and delayering. However, many change initiates have not been effective, and organizations are in the process of developing managers who can manage change with a lot of ease (Charan 2006). Managers require context sensitivity (Balogun and Hailey). Contest sensitivity is th e ability to understand the context someone is working in and, it enables one to devise approaches to change that will be effective in that context. Thus, successful change requires a context sensitive approach (Balogun and Hailey 2002). They ague that change can be effected using a framework called change kaleidoscope. The tool enables managers to have a rigorous analysis of the context, a consideration of a range of implementation options, a valuation of one’s own preferences, and how this limits the options to be considered and development of change judgment. In order to design change plan, change implementers should use the organization’s context to guide the approach selected. Change kaleidoscope relies on the definition of contextual constraints and enablers. They are Time: the speed with which change is to be achieved. Scope: the extent of change required in terms of transformation and realignments, within the parts of the organization affected by the changes. P reservation: the extent to which it is necessary to maintain continuity in certain practice. Diversity: the degree of diversity in terms of values, norms and attitudes among the groups of staff affected by the change. Capability: level of competence for managing change. Capacity: the amount of money available to invest in the change, human resource availability and managerial time. Readiness for change: the extent to which employees understand the need for the anticipated change. Power: relies on the change initiator, implementer and other influential stakeholders. In addition, change kaleidoscope entails the definition of implementation options. This involves change type, change start point, change style, change target, change roles and change interventions. Balogun and Hailey (2002) encourage organizations seeking change to follow three steps. The organization should assess the contextual constraints and enablers, determine change parts and use contextual features to inform the ch oices to be taken. Charan (2006) argues that in order for large corporations to achieve major and permanent changes in business performance, they must create a sustainable change in culture. â€Å"Understanding the contextual constraints and enablers is key to understanding the type of change an organization is able to undertake as opposed to the type of change it needs to undertake† (Balogun Hailey 2002). According to Kneer (2009), the implementation of change management takes place in seven steps. The first step involves the creation of consciousness for an urgent need for change by conducting a deeper analysis. The market and the competitive position are examined followed by an evaluation of the possible chances or risks for the business (Beer Nohria 2000). The second step involves the development of visions, aims and strategy. A team that handles this step should be competent enough, and have sufficient conviction and power to design the change. The compiled visions and strategies are communicated in the company during the third step. The change agents need to be cautious of their responsibility, and they should exemplify things. They should state clearly what employees are supposed to do. The fourth step involves subdividing the project into smaller subprojects. If the subprojects are completed, employees will start to have a feeling of success. This positively supports the remaining processes. In the fifth step, it is important to align existing structures in the company to a modified business environment. It is advisable to allow employees to participate in the reorganization. The sixth and seventh steps involve the establishment of the change management. This is accomplished through structures, appropriate training, of the employees via the new projects which keeps the changes process alive. The last step also involves ingraining the new behavior in the social standards and values. In order to achieve optimal results, the change process should be goal oriented. The reasons as to why the organization is undergoing change should be clearly stated. The starting point should also be clearly defined. It should be specified how the success of the objectives is going to be measured qualitatively and quantitatively. Thus, proper measurement instruments should be put in place. The change process will succeed if it fully involves the employees. In fact, this will increase their motivation and enhance their identification with the company. To achieve this, they should be involved in the analysis stage so that they can understand the background. In addition, employees should be adequately trained so that they can master all assigned tasks technically. Appropriate training can be essential in adjusting existing deficits, minimize the fear of the employees concerning new tasks and enhance the willingness for the change. In order to realize the success of the change process, both the management style and the organization should change. Change processes present learning experiences and participants might be challenged, but not overstrained (Barger Kirby 1995). Sufficient time should be given to employees to process individual work procedures. The implementers of the change process should be ready to encounter resistance to change by some employees. However, this can be minimized by engaging them fully in the change process (Pettigrew Whipp 1991). Therefore, to understand problems related to these concepts, the paper focuses on a scenario in which a manager aged 35 years, faces change related challenges. The manager is heading a mining company of Asian origin that has 5000 employees globally and is worth $10 billion. The company is semi private because the biggest shareholder is the ministry of economics. The company faces a challenge regarding exploration activity. People within the company have differing options regarding the amount investment that should be allocated for exploration, development, production an d asset acquisition. Initial investments had failed to produce expected results. The existing proportion of investment allocation aims at allocating 30% to the exploration activities. Out of the 3O% one third goes to XYZ (home country)/domestic exploration, and the remaining is allocated to overseas exploration. 60% of the investment has been diverted to development activities and the remaining 10% finances production activities and asset acquisition. A summary of the Findings Action plan 1: to maintain exploration activities on the same level as allocated in the previous year which saves cash dividend to shareholders and stops concentrated investment in a single project. The contents: It is same as the proportion of existing investment allocation; however, it takes some reduction of the amount of cash dividend to shareholders when compared with last year’s performance-based profit sharing. The activity of shifting dividend from international exploration production companies to shareholders is relatively acceptable. This is because of high risk business and using the cash coming from reduced dividend for exploration activities. In addition, the company does not seek to take more than 25% interest of any exploration activities. Action plan 2: aims at shifting to domestic exploration activities and reducing international exploration activities while maintaining the same proportion of investment allocated in the previous year. It is the same proportion of existing investment allocation; however, the investment allocation at domestic and international exploration activity is different. Based on the historical success rate, the domestic exploration activities are higher than international’s. Although the exploration activity is a gamble regardless of its location, the degree of domestic gamble and overseas gamble is different from probability point of view. The company has a lot of domestic exploration experience. The company has a solid grasp of the geological data and geomorphologic features. Nonetheless, the scale of domestic oil and gas fields is smaller than the international’s scale because of geomorphologic features when compared with the Middle East and Oceania region. In view of the above circumstances, the degree of the basic risk of domestic and international exploration activity do not make much difference. Action plan 3: The summary is to reduce 10% of overall exploration activities and to raise the 10% finance to international oil gas assets acquisition. The proportion of investment allocation is composed of 20% for exploration activity, 60% for development activity and 20% for production activity and asset acquisition. Basically, exploration activity is a gamble. Reducing 10% of exploration activity makes sense in order to shift investment to much reliable oil gas asset acquisition. This also contributes to the improvement of the company’s cash flow, making profits and collecting invested cash ear ly for the next available investment in exploration activities. Recently, there have been a lot of asset acquisition opportunities mainly from companies in same industries, strategic business partners in different industries, XYZ government and investment banks. The price of the oil gas assets used in the production is used in calculating oil recoverable reserve, reserve-production ratio, and current market oil price. Usually, the profit coming directly from the acquired assets only is not big. However, there are synergetic effects through reducing operating costs, discounting insurance, procuring oil producing equipments and applying geological data efficiently to flush out more oil. Recommendations for change The organization should understand that in order to realize maximum benefits from the mining activities, there is a need for change. Therefore, to implement this change, the organization should follow the three steps postulated by Balogun and Hailey (2002). The organization should assess the contextual constraints and enablers, determine change parts and use contextual features to inform the choices to be taken. References Barger, J. Kirby, K. 1995, The Challenge of Change in Organizations, Davis Black, California. Beer, M. Nohria, N. 2000, ‘Cracking the Code of Change’, Harvard Business Review Journal, Vol. 1 no. 23 p. 133-145. Burger, J. 2010, Personality, Cengage Learning, Sydney. Change Management 2012. Web. Charan 2006, ‘Home Depot’s Blue Print for Culture Change’, Harvard Business Review Journal, Vol. 1 no. 14, p. 61-70. Balogun, J. and Hailey, V. 2002, ‘Devising Sensitive Approaches to Change: The Example of Glaxo Wellcome’, Long Range Planning Journal, Vol. 32, no. 24, p. 153-178. Howard, P. and Howard, J. 2002, Buddy, Can You Paradigm? EBSCO, Massachusetts. Kneer, C. 2009, Change Management: enhance the ability to survive. GRIN Verlag, Munich. Pettigrew, M. Whipp, R. 1991, Managing Change for Co mpetitive Success, Oxford Press, Oxford. Recklies, O. 2012, Managing Change: definition and phases in change processes. Web. The Big Five 2012. Web. This essay on Managing Change for Competitive Success was written and submitted by user Davian Reed to help you with your own studies. 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