Management By Objectives - 5482 Words

Unit -7 Management by Objectives Unit-07 Management by Objectives Structure of Unit Structure of Unit 7.0 7.0 Objectives O b j e c t i v e s 7.1 7.1 Introduction t I n r o d u c t i o n 7.2 7.2 What is Management by Objectives (MBO)? by What is Management Objectives (MBO)? 7.3 7.3 Features of Management Management(MBO) by Features of Objectives (MBO) by Objectives 7.4 The Process of Management by Object ives (MBO) 7.4 The Process of Management by Objectives (MBO) 7.5 Import ance and Advant age of MBO 7.5 Importance and Advantage of MBO 7.6 Weaknesses and Criticism of MBO 7.6 Weaknesses and Criticism of MBO MBO 7.7 Making Effective 7.8 7.7 Making MBO Effective m S u m†¦show more content†¦Today, MBO is used not only as a technique of goal setting but also as a total system of planning, motivation, performance appraisal and self-control. Synchronizing goals and subordinate Objectives 7.2 What is Management by Objectives (MBO)? MBO is difficult to define. Organizations useTracks performance different reasons. In it in different ways and for broad terms, it may be stated that MBO is both a philosophy and an approach of management. It is a process in which superiors and subordinates sit together to identify the common objectives and set the Enhances organizational performance goals which are to be achieved by the subordinates, assess the contribution of each individual and integrate individual objectives with those of the organisation so as to make best use of the available resources Fig. 7.1 Management by objectives (MBO) 87 of the organisation. Get duly communicated to all who are concerned with it; Align short-term objectives to medium and long-term objectives; and MBO is a system in which specific performance objectives are determined through participative approach. Progress towards objectives is periodically reviewed and rewards determined accordingly. In other words it refers to a formal, or moderately formal, set of procedures that begins with goal setting and continues through performance review. The key to MBO is that it is a participativeShow MoreRelatedManagement by Objectives1215 Words   |  5 PagesManagement by Objectives Motivating employees seems to be a challenge for managers - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the MBO program and provide at least one example to support your discussion. Goal-Setting Theories have evolved since the 50s and have an impressive documented literature. The Goal-Setting Theory addresses the issues that goal specificity, challenge, and feedback have on performance (Robbins, 2009, p185). Setting goals and motivating employees are always an importantRead MoreManagement by Objectives1214 Words   |  5 PagesMANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES (MBO) is a practical application of the reasoning behind the notion of goal-setting theory. MBO is a process in which employees participate with management in the setting of goals or objectives. An essential feature of an MBO program is that it involves a one-on-one negotiation session between a supervisor and subordinate in order to set concrete, objective goals for the employee’s performance. During the session a deadline is set for the measurement of accomplishment, andRead MoreManagement By Objectives (MBO) Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesI have selected the Management by Objectives (MBO) theory of manag ement because this relates the most to my business ideas and current working environment. The MBO approach uses many familiar processes that I am accustomed to using such as goal setting, employee participation, and feedback. Using all of these tools has helped to increase overall job performance and help to provide a more informed employee and management team. The performance of the management has to be the same goals as the businessRead MoreManagement Analysis : Management Process906 Words   |  4 Pages Management by Objectives, MBO, is a management process where managers and employees decide together what goals the employee should work to achieve. The goals set for the employee are agreed upon by both the employee and the manager. The employee is evaluated based on these goals and may be given a raise or a promotion if they have achieved the set goals within some set period of time. This management process was first introduced by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book â€Å"The Pract ice of Management† withRead MoreStrategic Management : Objectives And Objectives1343 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategic management defined in the text, and what are its four key attributes? Based on the text, â€Å"strategic management† is defined as the â€Å"analyses, decisions, and actions an organization undertakes in order to create and sustain competitive advantages.† Strategic management possesses four key attributes which are: †¢ Recognizes trade-offs between efficiency and effectiveness †¢ Directs the organization toward overall goals and objectives †¢ Needs to incorporate short-term and long-term objectives †¢ IncludesRead MorePerformance Management Process And Employee Development2036 Words   |  9 Pagesperformance models of management by objectives. This paper also addressed: 1) performance management philosophy, 2) performance management process and employee development, and 3) performance management and compensation. Keyword: performance, development, compensation Research and summarize relevant performance models An effective model of performance management system focuses on identifying, measuring and dealing with employee’s performance. Traditionally, performance management system is viewedRead MoreObjectives And Objectives Of A Project Management1302 Words   |  6 Pagesa significance of the vast knowledge that I picked up from this course, and my experience with my assignments and projects. Project Management is the art of arranging, sorting out, spurring, and controlling resources to attain specific objectives. A project is a brief endeavor intended to deliver a unique product, service, attempted to meet extraordinary objectives and goals, commonly to achieve helpful change or included quality. To summarize,there should be a framework or model which we can useRead MoreManagement Performance Evaluation Of Employees963 Words   |  4 Pagesthe procedure in which they use performance appraisal. Management by objectives is defining the objectives of an organization, so that employees understand and agree to the objectives so that they will be able to carry them out. By clearly setting the goals for the organization, it allows employees to see how their daily activities can help the organization achieve the goals that they have set out to accomplish. Using management by objective allows for an organization to better measure employee performanceRead MoreStrategic Management : Objectives And Objectives Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages1. Strategic management to my understanding simply means how any organization manages its resources in order to accomplish its goal and objectives. It engages the setting up of objectives, analyzing the competitive environment and evaluating strategies and making in no doubt it all revolve out transversely in the organization. The below flow chart specifies the process of planning, implementation and review components for strategic management. According to me, some of the reason as to whyRead MorePerformance Management At The Retail Store1519 Words   |  7 Pages Performance Management In the retail store that in which I work as an HR manager clothes are sold along with shoes, handbags, linens, etc. Recently my company had its worst quarter and being the HR manager I have asked by the upper management to improve the performances of the retail store employees on an immediate basis so that the sales and merchandise of the store can be improved and good customers can be retained along with attracting new customers. When I got into the process of assessing the

Easy and Fun December Writing Prompts

While December is packed with many different holidays, many with religious origins, the prompts below are for celebrating the less traditional, or even odd, events. Here is  a list of writing prompts, one for celebrating each day in December. You can use these as daily warm-ups, journal entries, or for other writing or speaking and listening assignments. December Recognition Safe Toy and Gift MonthUniversal Human Rights MonthWrite to a Friend Month Writing Prompt Ideas for December December 1 - Theme: Rosa Parks DayRead Rosa Parks interview with Scholastic Magazine.Do you think that racism still exists? Give specific reasons for your answer.December 2 - Theme: Safe Toy and Gift MonthThere are many toys and items that were once commonly given to children that are no longer allowed to be sold. Good Housekeeping keeps a list.Do you think that this is a good thing? Why or why not?December 3 - Theme: International Day of the Disabled PersonThe  Accessible Icon project has designed  the new icon to display an active, engaged image with a focus on the person with a disability.  The new icon is viewable at accessibleicon.orgWhat is the message of this icon, or any other icon, that alerts pedestrians and motorists to be mindful of people with disabilities?December 4 - Theme:  National Dice DayMany of your favorite games use dice (Monopoly, Risk, Trouble, Clue). What was one of those games that you played? Why did you like this game?December 5 - Theme: Walt Disne ys BirthdayWhats your favorite Walt Disney movie? Why?December 6 - Theme: Put on Your Own Shoe DayWhile this holiday may have started as a way to have students learn how to wear and lace up their shoes, you might want to write out what steps towards independence you have taken since you were a child.December 7 - Theme: Pearl Harbor DayListen to President Roosevelts speech on the bombing of Pearl Harbor.What makes the short speech so significant? What language makes this so memorable?December 8 - Theme: Pretend To Be A Time Traveler DayHow far back in time would you go? To yesterday to correct any mistakes? Would you go far back in history? Where would you travel, and why?December 9 - Theme:  Worldwide Candle Lighting Day  The Compassionate Friends Worldwide Candle Lighting unites family and friends around the globe in lighting candles for one hour to honor the memories of the sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, and grandchildren who left too soon. Who would you light a candle fo r, and why?December 10 - Theme: Human Rights DayWhy do you think that it is important for the world to have a day set aside as Human Rights Day? Explain your answer.December 11 - Theme: Write to a Friend MonthWrite the first paragraph of a letter that you might send to a friend that you havent seen for a long time.December 12 - Theme: National Cocoa DayIf you were given a choice of a hot beverage, which of the following would you choose: coffee, tea, or cocoa? Why?December 13: Theme:  National Day of The HorseEncouraging citizens to be  mindful  of the contribution of horses to the economy, history, and character of the United States. If you cannot write about the horse, then what other animals would you suggest be celebrated on this date?December 14 - Theme: First Miniature Golf Course OpenedHave you ever played miniature golf? What is your opinion of it?December 15 - Theme: Bill of Rights DayDo you think that freedom of speech should be absolute or restricted in certain circ umstances? Explain your answer.December 16 - Theme: Boston Tea PartyAre you the type of person who would have participated in the Boston Tea Party, throwing tons of tea overboard into the water to protest British laws and taxes?December 17 - Theme: Underdog DayDo you tend to root for the reigning champion or the underdog? Explain your answer.December 18 - Theme: Wear a Plunger on Your Head DayDescribe the silliest thing you have ever worn (or been forced to wear).December 19 - Theme: Peace and GoodwillWhat is the nicest thing that anyone has ever done for you? Write a thank you note to that person for their actions.December 21 - Theme: WinterWrite a poem or a short piece of prose about winter. Make sure to include the five senses in your writing.December 22 - Theme: Forefathers DayIt is a commemoration of the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers in Plymouth, Massachusetts, on December 21, 1620.Who are your forefathers or ancestors? What achievements did they make?December 23 - Theme: Date Nut Bread DayFood historians believe that the date palm was first farmed in the Middle East around 6000 BCE. What foods that you eat today may be studied by food historians 1000 years from now?December 24 - Theme: National Egg Nog DayWhats your favorite food to eat during the winter holidays? Describe it in detail.December 25 - Theme:  National Pumpkin Pie DayPies are meant to be shared. If you had to divide a pie to share, what would be the size of each slice? Why? Who would you share this pie with?ORDecember 25 - Theme: A’habet of No L DayA’phabet Day or No â€Å"L† Day is a pun on â€Å"Noel.†What is a pun? Read some examples. Can you write a few puns?December 26 - Theme:  Boxing DayBoxing Day is celebrated in the United Kingdom. These boxes are, in essence, holiday bonuses.  If you could not receive money as a bonus, what would you like to find in a box as a bonus for being a good student?December 27 - Theme: Visit the Zoo DayPretend you were v isiting a zoo. Which animal would you want to see first and why?December 28 - Theme: Card Playing DayDo you like to play card games? If so, which do you like and why? If not, why not?ORDecember 28: Theme Pledge of Allegiance Day.​Congress formally recognized the Pledge of Allegiance on December 28, 1945.What do you think about when you make this pledge?December 29 - Theme: BowlingHave you ever been bowling? Do you like this sport? Why or why not?December 30 - Theme: Looking BackWrite a paragraph detailing at least three good things that happened to you during this past year.December 31 - Theme: New Years EveHow do you commemorate New Years Eve? Describe your celebrations in detail. Source Interview with Rosa Parks. Scholastic, 2019.

Main Purpose of Education Free Essays

Main purpose of education Nowadays,Hong Kong education system has an controversial issue which is about the teachers train their students in order to ensure they obtain the highest grade in public examination. As a result ,they do not know how to apply the knowledge they learned into the workplace. Teachers only teach the knowledge and students recites the information from the textbook,thus many secondary school graduates are lack of the ability to present their opinion and idea in a precise and organized way. We will write a custom essay sample on Main Purpose of Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now . The current education system ignores the main purpose of education which is to train the students’ critical thinking in the lesson. Practicing the critical thinking is definitely essential for the students because they have to contact with the hustle business environment after they graduate from the college. If they can elaborate their point of views in current affairs clearly before they graduate, they could compete with other candidates and have the higher opportunity to be hired by employer. The world is changing and going forward gradually, as Charles Darwin have said ‘Survival of the fittest’. There is a great deal of workers who has high education level in society, the employer tend to employ the people who can criticize and analyze social topic with valid reasons since well critical thinker can communicate effectively and easier to find solution of complicated problems. Provided that the students equip with critical thinking, they can be an independent and lifelong learners. Moreover , being a competitive worker should apply the critical thinking in the daily life ,instead of reciting the theory from the textbook. Even if students can comprehend the textbook’s knowledge ,it still have colossal difference between the theory and real condition. For instance, if you learned the marketing skill through the textbook, it is impossible to duplicate the whole theory in the varied business environment since there are numerous uncertain and unpredictable factors such as adjustment of government policy to affect the decision making. Therefore, it is crucial for the students to learn how to criticize the issue since the secondary school education. After we understand the significance of critical thinking, there are several ways to exercise the students to equip with it by the parents and teachers. Firstly, teacher can change the teaching approach so as to make the students can ponder the same issue in various angles. They should adopt multidisciplinary education method instead of spoon-fed education method. They can inspire and motivate the students to think more about social issue and topic, whereas the students can express their notion to teacher and student. For example, when they learn the social condition in China, teacher can teach them the current social issue such as the problem of rural and urban disparity rather than using the outdated examples in the reference book. Having more opportunity to discuss the issue with classmates is an effective way to cultivate students’ critical thinking in the class. Secondly ,the parents can instruct their children through the social issue as many adolescents love to face the virtual environment and they overlook the social topic . When they receive the news from the media ,they will not analyze and assess the topic immediately because their parents force them to attend the tutorial and they only get the skill to answer the questions, not the ability of critical thinking. Being attentive to current affairs will enhance the competence of critical thinking,hence the parents can encourage their children to read more editorial in newspaper since the students can develop their own reflection on some issue after they comprehend other’s point of view . Ultimately, getting the highest grade does not equal to obtain the better occupation. The aim of education is not only to let the students learn the knowledge and apply it to the real situation. More importantly, it should train students to be well critical thinker for the sake of working in the society. How to cite Main Purpose of Education, Essay examples

Akaima Case STYDY Essay Example For Students

Akaima Case STYDY Essay 1. Why does Akamai need to geographically disperse its servers to deliver its customers Web Content? a. This is because of the purpose of Akamai, which is to solve the congestion on the Internet crowed. Therefore, Akamais current products are using this technique that a cloud platform made up of over 150,000 servers within over 1,000 networks in 78 countries around the world. These servers allow the platform to identify and block security threats and instant device-level detections, etc. So that the local server will first receive the load then provide to local users. This ill reduce the 15% up to 30% of web traffic and Latency (delay). The last but not the least, this has data verification and acknowledgement to make sure the information is safe. 2. If you wanted to deliver software content over the internet, would you sign up for Akamais service? What alternatives exist? a. Yes, I would. First of all, the case is to deliver software content over the internet, which means this product will in a certain size and will be download by users from different areas, even different countries. What is more, even we assume that there is likelihood that the software ould not as big as a HD movie, but as the information and technology flows, there will be more likely update my software in the future. Therefore, software such as Akamai would be very necessary. So that use Akamai software would guarantee the data is reliable, scalable, transmit in a fast speed, flawless, and secured with report feedback. To be more realistic, when a employee search for Faster internet delivery software, Akamai comes at one of the Tops link on Google. Plus, many good feedback remarks. b. There are Blue Coat, Limelight, Sawis, and Mirror Image Internet (In the book). 3. What advantages does an advertiser derive from using Akamais service? What kinds of products might benefit from this kind of service? a. First of all, Akamai provide more accurate and comprehensive knowledge with worldwide coverage, allow them to integrate a simple program to their web server and application server, allow them to retrieve the very latest information based on Akamai database, allow them easier to communicate with other companies through Akamai network, last but not the least, deliver ads based on local region. . 1) Local commercial, products sales; 2) religion products; 3) Periodical products; 4) price ange based on location products would benefit the most. As talked about in the book and last questions. Advertiser can deliver ads based on country, region, city, market area and so on. Corresponding to the real-time web activity. 4. Why dont major business firms distribute their videos u sing P2P networks like BitTorrent? a. Because most major business is different than BitTorrent. First of all BitTorrent is a torrent software, which relies on P2P network to allow users to participate on the same download task. What is more, BitTorrents seed providers, most of time, are individual sers. In order to upload a movie, or a music piece, P2P does not require user to purchase software. Major business firms would not use P2P networks because it will slow down the internet traffic when the website reaches a large size of customers browsing at the same time. What is more, Akamai have a big coverage of worldwide internet servers, which guarantee the business partners can receive the latest, safest, stalest and fastest information. The Akamai also is easy to collect the user data and bad internet impression will lose possible customers. . Do you think Internet users hould be charged based on the amount of bandwidth they consume or on a tiered plan where users would pay in rough proportion to their usage? The answer is yes. However, it is depends on the scenarios. When a company or the service provides is charged to use software such as Akamai, the users should be charged based on the amount used. Howev er, even in the real world, YouTube and Facebook is free to use, but the built-in commercial is the income of the company. This is a circle that users watch the video and the commercials, the website provider pay for web traffic .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .postImageUrl , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:hover , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:visited , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:active { border:0!important; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:active , .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888 .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u52661da2898ac6896027ecc1f2855888:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alice's Snazzy Pajamas EssaySoftware Company and profit from the commercials. One of the examples is High bandwidth instance videos are charged. Porters Five Forces Models on Akamai 1) Rivalry among competitors As mentioned in the book, there are many competitors doing the same work as Akamai. There are Blue Coat, Limelight, Saws, and Mirror Image Internet. Competition currently is on the price. Because this is a red ocean, competitors provide very similar products to reduce the internet traffic. As we can read form the book that Akamai has different types of products. The higher switching costs and ifferentiate products is one of the ways to reduce the direct completion. As mentioned in the book, Akamai is the first move company leading the technology, which takes the most of the market share and big market revenue. Intensity is high 2) New market Entrants There is still a possible that new entrants could enter the field. But this will cast a big amount of money and time to enter this market as new company, however, if big computer companies such as Google, CSCO have advantages to release a differentiate but relevant function product. But with big market share and market evenue, Akamai has big royal customer groups which guarantee Akamai will not be influence by the new market entrants. What is more, this technology is first introduced by Akamais founders; therefore, there might be a legal barrier for new entrants. Distribution channels access is possible for new entrants, but it is hard. Threat of new entrants is middle level 3) Substitute Products There are a lot of substitute products in current market. Because the purpose of Akamai is to provide a faster transmitting information service to users and solve the bandwidth problems. The new technologies and current technology been understand by other companies can easily conduct a similar products with different built-in functions and lunch with a new name a lower price. There are a big number of products that provide the same function in current market. Some of them are specific on certain area such as advanced routers from CSCO. So as the prices, based on the different use in different areas, the prices are different. Because of all these different types of the alternatives, I think The threat of substitutes is high 4) Suppliers servers. In order to conduct higher and better software applications, the Akamais employees have power to command his or her wages. As long as the current servers can afford the current work, there is no need to update the servers. Therefore, The power of Suppliers low 5) Customers Currently, the Akamai did a good Job of providing a good internet bandwidth solution for customers. The cost of the product and relative of total cost seems fairly good, as online shopping, social network, and HD videos are mostly expected on the internet, Customers need the fast services of network. Differentiation products are made to guarantee the need of customers. Since the Akamai already build up a big coverage of the worldwide use of customer groups, customers need Akamai to reach the newest, fastest, safest and latest information. Therefore, the bargain power of customer is not big. Unless some of the customers are not focus on Akamai areas services. Only under the condition that the service is comparable and switching to a new application require low costs. Then the customers power is high. But in currently, I think The power of customers is low to medium.